What Is Plastic?

Plastic is a broad category of synthetic materials made from polymers. Because
plastics offer corrosion resistance, low weight, and manufacturing flexibility,
operators use them throughout oil and gas, industrial, water treatment, and
utility systems.

Material Types

Manufacturers produce many different types of plastic, each with unique
properties and applications. Common examples include:

• PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Used for piping, fittings, and chemical handling systems.
• CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride): Used in higher-temperature piping applications.
• HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene): Used for pipelines, tanks, and containment systems.
• PP (Polypropylene): Used for chemical processing equipment and fittings.
• PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene): Used for seals, gaskets, and chemically resistant components.

Common Applications

Manufacturers and operators use plastic materials in a variety of equipment
and components, including:

• Pipe and pipe fittings
• Storage tanks and tank liners
• Valve components and seats
• Gaskets and seals
• Chemical handling systems
• Instrumentation and utility equipment

Performance Characteristics

Most plastics resist corrosion better than carbon steel and many stainless
steels. In addition, they weigh significantly less than metal materials, which
simplifies handling and installation. However, temperature limits, pressure
ratings, and chemical compatibility vary considerably between plastic types.

Advantages

• Provides excellent corrosion resistance
• Reduces weight compared to metal materials
• Simplifies fabrication and installation
• Resists many chemicals and process fluids
• Requires minimal maintenance in many applications

Limitations

• Typically handles lower temperatures than metal materials
• Provides lower mechanical strength than steel
• Can become brittle or soften under extreme temperatures
• May degrade when exposed to incompatible chemicals or ultraviolet light

Summary

Plastic refers to a family of synthetic polymer materials used in piping,
fittings, tanks, seals, and equipment components. Its corrosion resistance,
low weight, and versatility make it a common material choice across industrial
and oilfield applications.